A small roundish process in the back and base of the brain, which looks like a smaller cerebrum. In fact, the word cerebellum literally means little brain. It is responsible for motor coordination, balance, and equilibrium and habitually learned repetitive behaviors, such as playing a fully learned song on a piano.

James Albus used the known (at the time) structure and function of the cerebellum to produce his Cerebellar Model Arithmetic Computer (CMAC).