High-Angular Resolution Diffusion Imaging - An 
MRI technique.  This particular form of 
MRI imaging has the ability to discern the orientation of the micro-structure of the tissue it is imaging.
From a practical standpoint, this means you are able to clearly see the orientation-directions of fibers, such as 
axons, within the tissue you are imaging.
HARDI is not 
DTI
         High Angular Resolution Diffusion Imaging versus Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Sources and Resources